Driving permits in Switzerland: a step-by-step guide to success

Steps to obtain a driving permit in Switzerland — Quick resume

• Step 1: Obtain the student conductor's permit from the cantonal office of automobiles (starting at age 17 for ACC, 18 for standard).
• Step 2: Review the theoretical examination of Switzerland (road rules + first-aid courses).
• Step 3: Follow practical driving lessons with a consenting observer.
• Step 4: Take part in the Swiss Sensitization Course (required prior to the practice exam).
• Step 5: Pass the practical Swiss exam with the cantonal service.
• Step 6: Proceed with permission to drive to the test for three years.
• Step 7: Complete the Swiss WAB course within the first 12 months.
• Step 8: Obtain the full permit after the probationary period without serious violations.

Minimum and Reachable Conditions

According to Swiss law, a person must be at least 18 years old to be eligible to drive a category B vehicle. However, it is possible to begin training under accompagnement to driving (ACC) as early as 17 years.

Before starting, you must be resident in Switzerland, medically fit to drive, and provide valid identification. A visual control is also required when requesting permission.

Étape 1: The conductor's permission

The student conductor permit authorizes you to learn on public roads with an approved monitor or trained companion (ACC context).

• A valid identification document or passport
• A recent identity photo
• A medical certificate attesting driving ability
• Completed demand form
• Administrative fees (around CHF 50 to 80 depending on canton)

The conductor's permit is valid for 24 months.

Étape 2: The Swiss Theoretical Examination

The first secours course

You must complete an approved ten-hour first-aid course before passing theory. It is required for all applicants.

Theory examination on computer

The exam includes 45 multiple-choice questions about the Swiss Route Code. You can have a maximum of 7 errors to pass.

• Train daily with official theory apps.
• Focus on priorities, distances, and road signs.
• Do mock tests before exam day.

The theoretical examination costs about CHF 30.

Étape 3: Practical Driving Lessons

After learner permit and theory, you can begin lessons with an approved instructor. In practice, most candidates need around 30 to 40 hours to be ready for the exam.

Average cost per hour ranges from CHF 80 to 120, depending on canton and driving school.

Étape 4: The Swiss Sensitization Course

This required course helps candidates understand risk on the road (speed, alcohol, distraction, emotions). Duration is around 8 hours.

Typical cost: CHF 280 to 380.

Étape 5: The Swiss Practical Exam

The practical test takes around 45 to 60 minutes and evaluates driving behavior in real traffic situations.

• Sleep well before test day.
• Arrive early and check the car.
• Show mirror and blind spot checks clearly.

Practical exam fees generally range from CHF 180 to 220.

Step 6: Authorization to drive on trial

After success, you receive a trial permit for 3 years. Rules are stricter during this period, and serious infractions may lead to withdrawal.

Étape 7: The Swiss WAB course

New drivers must complete the WAB (complementary training) within the first 12 months after receiving trial permit.

Typical cost: CHF 200 to 350.

Summary: Comparative Cost Table

Estimated total usually ranges between CHF 3,870 and CHF 5,440 depending on rhythm and canton.

FAQ — Frequently asked questions

Can I pass the permit without speaking German or French?

Exams are available in multiple languages depending on canton (including English in some cantons).

Can I retake the theory exam multiple times?

Yes. After failure, you must generally wait seven days before retaking.

Can I start ACC before 18?

Yes, ACC can start from 17 with an experienced companion.

Is awareness course required in every canton?

Yes, this is a federal requirement before practical exam.